Komodo Dragon Facts: The Largest Living Lizard

Komodo dragons are the largest living lizards on Earth, reaching lengths up to 10 feet and weights over 200 pounds. These massive reptiles live exclusively on a few Indonesian islands including Komodo, Rinca, Flores, and Gili Motang.

Size and Physical Characteristics

Adult males typically reach 8 to 10 feet in length and weigh 150 to 200 pounds. Females are smaller, usually reaching 6 to 8 feet and weighing around 150 pounds. The largest Komodo dragon on record weighed 366 pounds and measured over 10 feet long. They possess about 60 serrated, shark like teeth that are constantly replaced throughout their lives.

Venom and Hunting Strategy

For decades, scientists believed Komodo dragon saliva contained deadly bacteria that caused prey to die from infection. Recent research revealed they actually produce venom in two glands located in their lower jaws. This allows them to detect dead or dying animals from up to 6 miles away. When prey comes close, they rush forward and attack with surprising speed.

Habitat and Behavior

Komodo dragons live exclusively on five Indonesian islands: Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Motang, and Padar. They are solitary animals that come together only for feeding and breeding. They are most active during the day, though they avoid the hottest midday hours. Larger dragons eat first while smaller ones wait their turn.

Diet and Feeding

Komodo dragons are carnivores that eat almost any meat including carrion. Adults primarily hunt deer, wild pigs, water buffalo, and smaller Komodo dragons. They also eat birds, snakes, fish, crabs, and eggs. Komodo dragons can consume up to 80 percent of their body weight in a single meal.

Reproduction and Life Cycle

A typical clutch contains 20 to 30 eggs buried in abandoned burrow nests or under vegetation. The incubation period lasts 7 to 8 months. Baby Komodo dragons measure about 16 inches long at hatching. Komodo dragons reach sexual maturity around 8 to 9 years old.